SnO2 nanoparticles/waste masks carbon hybrid materials for DNA biosensor application on voltammetric detection of anti-cancer drug pazopanib.

This present study is the first investigation of pazopanib-dsDNA binding using bare and modified GCE. The interaction was mainly evaluated based on the decrease of voltammetric signal of deoxyadenosine by differential pulse voltammetry using three different ways, including the incubated solutions, dsDNA biosensor, and nanobiosensor. The nanobiosensor was fabricated with the help of SnO2 nanoparticles and carbon hybrid material. The carbon material is derived from the waste mask, the most used personal protective equipment for the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Both materials were synthesized via the green synthesis technique and characterized by various techniques, including BET, TEM, SEM-EDX, AFM, XPS, and XRD. Spectrophotometric and molecular docking studies also evaluated the pazopanib-dsDNA binding. All calculations showed that pazopanib (PZB) was active in the minor grove region of DNA.

Fluorescent Biosensors for the Detection of Viruses Using Graphene and Two-Dimensional Carbon Nanomaterials.

Two-dimensional carbon nanomaterials have been commonly employed in the field of biosensors to improve their sensitivity/limits of detection and shorten the analysis time. These nanomaterials act as efficient transducers because of their unique characteristics, such as high surface area and optical, electrical, and magnetic properties, which in turn have been exploited to create simple, quick, and low-cost biosensing platforms. In this review, graphene and two-dimensional carbon material-based fluorescent biosensors are covered between 2010 and 2021, for the detection of different human viruses. This review specifically focuses on the new developments in graphene and two-dimensional carbon nanomaterials for fluorescent biosensing based on the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) mechanism. The high-efficiency quenching capability of graphene via the FRET mechanism enhances the fluorescent-based biosensors. The review provides a comprehensive reference for the different types of carbon nanomaterials employed for the detection of viruses such as Rotavirus, Ebola virus, Influenza virus H3N2, HIV, Hepatitis C virus (HCV), and Hepatitis B virus (HBV). This review covers the various multiplexing detection technologies as a new direction in the development of biosensing platforms for virus detection. At the end of the review, the different challenges in the use of fluorescent biosensors, as well as some insights into how to overcome them, are highlighted.